Dust profoundly influences interactions between Earth and the atmosphere, particularly in arid regions (1). Dust storms, which are prevalent in dry, vegetation-free areas, can bury settlements, destroy agriculture, obstruct water infrastructure, cause visibility issues on roads, and substantially affect the environment (2). The Hur al-Azim Marshes, situated along the border of Iran and Iraq, have faced water shortages and pollution, which have increased the threat of dust storms. Iran and neighboring... Читать дальше...