Europe’s Dependence on Foreign-Trained Doctors and Nurses has Cross-Border Ripple Effects

Between 2014 and 2023, the number of foreign-trained doctors working in the Region grew by 58%, and foreign-trained nurses by 67%. In the same period, annual inflows – new entries into the health labour market – of doctors nearly tripled, and inflows of nurses increased 5-fold. Strikingly, most of these health professionals were trained outside Europe: 60% of doctors and 72% of nurses arriving in 2023 were trained outside the Region.

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