Why that blackmailer claiming to have your search history probably doesn't

• Police are warning about a growing number of email "sextortion" scams.
• Scammers will claim to have compromising search history and demand crypto to keep quiet.
• But they are almost certainly bluffing, authorities say.

That scary hacker in your email who says he recorded you visiting an adult website — and wants you to send him bitcoin to keep quiet about it — is most likely just a scammer who bought your email address after a data breach.

Federal and state police across the country warned about a rise in the number of email "sextortion" scams this month. The Maryland State Police said in a statement on Thursday that reports of one sextortion scam targeting Gmail users surged in August and September.

In these scams, someone tells a victim they have access to embarrassing search history or compromising photos. The scammers then demand money or they will release it to family and friends. They're almost always bluffing, police say.

Inducing fear and a time element are some of the most common tactics grifters use to get victims to quickly hand over large sums of money before anyone realizes they've been duped.

"Scammers want you to act before you have time to think," the FTC says. "They might say your computer is about to be corrupted. They also might tell you to keep the conversation a secret from your friends and family."

These types of email sextortion scams first surfaced in 2020 when there was a spike in the number of people reporting that someone had hacked their computers and recorded them visiting adult websites, the FTC said.

The FTC says that these emails usually come to victims after their personal information is leaked in a data breach. This means the scammers may have access to your email and even some of your current or former passwords, but they do not have access to your computer or search history.

"The scammers may say they have access to your computer or webcam, or installed clever software to defeat you. That's all talk," The FTC says.

Some scammers in Maryland even included images of the victim's house from Google Maps in their threats to make them seem legitimate, police said.

The Maryland State Police say to be cautious of any "unsolicited" emails you receive to your Gmail account to avoid being the victim of a scam. The department says to not share any personal information online and be careful when clicking links even if they seem legitimate.

Google did not immediately respond to a request for comment about the scam in Maryland.