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Новости за 08.12.2025

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Coaching doctors to improve ethical decision-making in adult hospitalized patients potentially receiving excessive treatment: Process evaluation study of the CODE intervention in doctors and nurses working in ten acute hospital wards

Plos.org 
En

by Ruth Piers, Let Dillen, Katrijn Goethals, An Lievrouw, Karen Versluys, Aglaja De Pauw, Celine Jacobs, Ine Moors, Fritz Offner, Anja Velghe, Nele Van Den Noortgate, Pieter Depuydt, Patrick Druwé, Dimitri Hemelsoet, Alfred Meurs, Jiska Malotaux, Wim Van Biesen, Francis Verbeke, Eric Derom, Dieter Stevens, Michel De Pauw, Fiona Tromp, Hans Van Vlierberghe, Karen Geboes, Frank Manesse, Stijn Vanheule, Dominique D. Benoit

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Cooperative environmental engineering via biofilm formation can stabilize consumer-resource systems

Plos.org 
En

by Bryan K. Lynn, Patrick De Leenheer, Benjamin D. Dalziel

Cooperation can stabilize consumer-resource dynamics, preventing over-exploitation driven by individual self-interest. The maintenance of cooperation in such systems is often attributed to individual-level behaviors, such as punishment of defectors, however, an alternate and under-explored path to stability involves environmental engineering by cooperative consumers, who may modify the environment to favor cooperators. Microbial biofilms... Читать дальше...

Hybrid backdoor attacks for deep code models

Plos.org 
En

by Tongcheng Geng

Deep code models face security vulnerabilities through backdoor attacks. Previous approaches have primarily relied on single-trigger mechanisms, resulting in limited stealth and vulnerability to defense strategies. This paper proposes a novel hybrid backdoor attack method that combines function signature features and dead code insertion as triggers. Our approach leverages the complementary nature of these triggers, creating a synergistic effect that enhances attack effectiveness while maintaining stealth. Читать дальше...

Building extraction from remote sensing imagery using SegFormer with post-processing optimization

Plos.org 
En

by Deliang Li, Tao Liu, Haokun Wang, Long Yan

Traditional methods for building extraction from remote sensing images rely on feature classification techniques, which often suffer from high usage thresholds, cumbersome data processing, slow recognition speeds, and poor adaptability. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning and deep learning, significant progress has been achieved in the intelligent extraction of remote sensing images. Building extraction... Читать дальше...

Hydrogen peroxide fogging of isolation gowns: Disinfection efficacy and VOC emissions

Plos.org 
En

by Shay Iyer, Zenhwa Ouyang, Arathi Vinayak

Isolation gowns constitute the majority of the PPE waste generated daily worldwide. Disinfection with reuse that is easily reproducible without the need for expensive equipment or trained personnel is needed. This study evaluated the use of 9% hydrogen peroxide fogging using a commercially available fogger on isolation gowns heavily inoculated in the torso region of the gown with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli to challenge efficacy. Читать дальше...

Magnitude of tuberculosis treatment outcomes and associated factors in public health institutions of Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia: A multi-centered retrospective cross-sectional study

Plos.org 
En

by Behailu Asmamaw, Temesgen Tamiru Tadese, Rediet Yifru Mamo, Berhanu Amare Taye, Abrham Workineh Azale, Yohannes Chemere Wondmeneh, Dagmawi Nega Shibeshi, Eunice Borkor Bortequaye, Temesgen Teklu Ziza, Temesgen Esayas Bolliso, Tiwabwork Tekalign, Awoke Guadie

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Molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism abnormalities driving sepsis and atrial fibrillation: A Systematic study based on bioinformatics and machine learning

Plos.org 
En

by Changze Ou, Haidong Yu, Binbin Chen, Huajun Long

Background

Sepsis and atrial fibrillation are complex, life-threatening medical conditions affecting approximately 49 million individuals globally, characterized by exceptionally high mortality rates. Lipid metabolism abnormalities play a critical role in the pathogenesis of these diseases, yet their underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

Objective

This innovative study systematically investigates the shared... Читать дальше...

Blood draw site and blood matrix influence mineral assessment

Plos.org 
En

by Mikail G. Alejandro, Kathleen Schultz, David W. Killilea

Circulating mineral concentrations are used to assess nutritional status or as markers for clinical conditions, but the quality of these measurements depends on the methods used for blood processing. Since the procedures for measuring mineral levels in blood are not standardized, discrepancies in sampling may influence the analytical results. We previously reported that zinc content in blood samples showed significant variation depending... Читать дальше...

FC-duplex IgG1 (HTLV-1/2): Qualifying the flow cytometry IgG1 duplex assay for differential diagnosis of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections

Plos.org 
En

by Júlia Pereira Martins, Felipe Araujo Santos, Kelly Alves Bicalho, Jordana Grazziela Alves Coelho-dos-Reis, Vanessa Peruhype Magalhães, Maísa Aparecida Ribeiro, Renata Glória Sá, Lucas Pedreira de Carvalho, Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto, Laurence Rodrigues Amaral, Anna Barbara de Freitas Carneiro-Proietti, Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho, Allyson Guimarães Costa, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, Márcio Sobreira Silva Araújo

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Rhodnius prolixus impairs Trypanosoma cruzi growth through cold-seeking behavioral thermoregulation

Plos.org 
En

by Henri Loshouarn, Alessandra A. Guarneri

Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a major neglected tropical disease affecting 6–7 million people worldwide. Rhodnius prolixus, one of the most important vectors of Chagas disease in Latin America, is known to be highly sensitive to environmental temperature, which influences both its biology and parasite development. However, few studies have investigated how this vector behaviorally modulates the effects of temperature by shifting their thermopreference... Читать дальше...

Centromeres in budding yeasts are conserved in chromosomal location but not in structure

Plos.org 
En

by Conor Hession, Kevin P. Byrne, Kenneth H. Wolfe, Geraldine Butler

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has ‘point’ centromeres, which are much smaller and simpler than centromeres of most other eukaryotes and have a defined DNA sequence. Other yeast taxa have different and highly diverse centromere structures, but a clear picture of how yeast centromeres have evolved is lacking. Here, we investigated nine yeast species in two taxonomic orders that are close outgroups to S. cerevisiae. Читать дальше...

Whom do we prefer to learn from in observational reinforcement learning?

Plos.org 
En

by Gota Morishita, Carsten Murawski, Nitin Yadav, Shinsuke Suzuki

Learning by observing others’ experiences is a hallmark of human intelligence. While the neurocomputational mechanisms underlying observational learning are well understood, less is known about whom people prefer to learn from in the context of observational learning. One hypothesis posits that learners prefer individuals who exhibit a high degree of decision noise, ‘free riding’ on the costly exploration of others. An alternative... Читать дальше...

Learning structured population models from data with WSINDy

Plos.org 
En

by Rainey Lyons, Vanja Dukic, David M. Bortz

Characteristics of individuals in a population, such as age and size, play a key role in determining how populations change over time. In contexts of population dynamics, identifying effective model features, such as fecundity and mortality rates, is generally a complex and computationally intensive process, especially when the dynamics are heterogeneous across the population. In this work, we propose a Weak form Scientific Machine Learning-based... Читать дальше...