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Новости за 08.01.2025

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Temporal trends in aerobic physical activity guideline adherence among nationally representative samples of U.S adults between 2011 and 2019: Cross-sectional findings from a sample of over 2 million adults

Plos.org 
En

by David Abernethy, Jason Bennie, Toby Pavey

Background

Physical inactivity is a significant public health concern associated with numerous adverse health outcomes and substantial economic costs. This study describes the prevalence, trends and correlates for adherence to moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines among a large sample of U.S. adults.

Methods

Data from the 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys were analyzed. Читать дальше...

Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults aged 70 years and older, 1990–2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Plos.org 
En

by Kaifang Meng, Xu Chen, Zhishang Chen, Jing Xu

Background

Life expectancy at age 70 has continued to rise globally over the past 30 years. However, a comprehensive assessment of the burden of COPD in older adults is lacking. We aimed to estimate the burden of COPD and its attributable risk factors among adults aged ≥70 years.

Methods

Data on the prevalence, incidence, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and risk factors of COPD among adults aged ≥70 years from 1990 to 2021 across 204 countries and territories... Читать дальше...

The hidden drivers: Unraveling the impact of density, moisture, and scale on Hermetia illucens rearing

Plos.org 
En

by Anjani Nayak, Patrick Klüber

The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) is a saprophagous insect known for bioconverting organic waste, potentially offering environmental benefits, such as contributing to waste reduction and nutrient cycling. The performance of larvae varies significantly with factors substrate moisture, larval density, and scale of production. Three experiments were conducted using a mix of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and chicken feed (CF). In the first experiment,... Читать дальше...

Study on the path of clustering construction of rural primary schools’ aesthetic education programs from the perspective of resource integration

Plos.org 
En

by Zhankun Han, Yunhu Xie

Aesthetic education is an important part of the overall development of students. This study analyzes the number of rural schools and enrollment, number of classes, and number of full-time teachers in those schools from 2013 to 2022, and clarifies the current challenges in aesthetic education in rural elementary schools and the path of quality improvement. It then constructs a curriculum cluster model that shares resources, teachers, management, instructional design, and practical activities, etc. Читать дальше...

Factors associated with chronic kidney disease knowledge and preventive practices: An analytical cross-sectional study among patients with hypertension at Amana Regional Referral Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Plos.org 
En

by Joel Seme Ambikile, Shabani S. Ngulupi, Agnes Fredrick Massae

Background

Globally, Chronic kidney Disease (CKD) has become a significant public health concern, with sub-Saharan Africa being among the populations experiencing the highest rates. Managing CKD poses a significant challenge due to its health complications and associated high cost of care. Hypertension is one of the leading causes of CKD, responsible for the decline in kidney function in patients. Knowledge and lifestyle modifications... Читать дальше...

SEMdag: Fast learning of Directed Acyclic Graphs via node or layer ordering

Plos.org 
En

by Mario Grassi, Barbara Tarantino

A Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) offers an easy approach to define causal structures among gathered nodes: causal linkages are represented by arrows between the variables, leading from cause to effect. Recently, industry and academics have paid close attention to DAG structure learning from observable data, and many techniques have been put out to address the problem. We provide a two-step approach, named SEMdag(), that can be used to quickly learn high-dimensional linear SEMs. Читать дальше...

Men’s gender role and attitude toward sexual autonomy of women in India

Plos.org 
En

by Manas Ranjan Pradhan, Prasenjit De

Objective

Sexual autonomy is essential to women’s empowerment and crucial to human rights. Measurement of women’s sexual autonomy from men’s perspective is rare in India, though critical for achieving the sexual and reproductive rights of women who continue to exhibit poor sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. The study assesses Indian men’s attitudes toward women’s sexual autonomy and associated factors using a nationally representative sample of men. Читать дальше...

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in tea population of Assam

Plos.org 
En

by Aishwarya Selvasekhar, Reema Nath, Gourangie Gogoi, Pronami Borah

Background

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a disease commonly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus and other Aspergillus species characterized by cavitary lung lesions. Tea garden population is an agrarian population of Assam, mostly associated with tea plantations. Assam is a major tea-producing state with 803 tea gardens producing approximately 50% of the total tea in India, of which 177 are present in the Dibrugarh district alone. Читать дальше...

Estimating evolutionary and demographic parameters via ARG-derived IBD

Plos.org 
En

by Zhendong Huang, Jerome Kelleher, Yao-ban Chan, David Balding

Inference of evolutionary and demographic parameters from a sample of genome sequences often proceeds by first inferring identical-by-descent (IBD) genome segments. By exploiting efficient data encoding based on the ancestral recombination graph (ARG), we obtain three major advantages over current approaches: (i) no need to impose a length threshold on IBD segments, (ii) IBD can be defined without the hard-to-verify requirement of no recombination... Читать дальше...