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Новости за 17.12.2024

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Association of low-level heavy metal exposure with risk of chronic kidney disease and long-term mortality

Plos.org 
En

by Pai-Feng Kuo, Yun-Ting Huang, Min-Hsiang Chuang, Ming-Yan Jiang

Background

While the nephrotoxicity of lead and cadmium is well-established, the impact of low-level exposure on risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and long-term health outcomes, especially in CKD patients, remains unclear. This study examines the association between low-level lead and cadmium exposure with risks of CKD and long-term mortality.

Method

We analyzed data from adult participants of 2003–2012 National... Читать дальше...

Studies on the hysteresis of trunk muscles—Muscular specificities must be taken into account

Plos.org 
En

by Christoph Anders, Leon Rosenow

Hysteresis refers to a physical phenomenon in which the response or state of a system depends on both the input variable and its history. Hysteresis phenomena are also observed in biological systems and have been described for the sensorimotor system. The aim of the present study was to determine whether hysteresis phenomena can also be detected in trunk muscles during isometric load-varying situations. To this end, 40 healthy individuals (19 women) were subjected to isometric tests... Читать дальше...

Metabolomics and network pharmacology-based identification of phenolic acids in Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium rhizomes as anti-cancer/Tumor active ingredients

Plos.org 
En

by Xiaolin Wan, Lingjun Cui, Qiang Xiao

Broadly targeted metabolomics techniques were used to identify phenolic acid compounds in Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium (PKVG) rhizomes and retrieve anti-cancer/tumor active substance bases from them. We identified potential drug targets by constructing Venn diagrams of compound and disease targets. Further, KEGG pathway analysis was performed to reveal the relevant pathways for anti-cancer/tumor activity of PKVG. Finally, we performed molecular... Читать дальше...

The impact of hierarchical plateau on civil servants’ taking charge behavior: The role of work engagement and trait mindfulness

Plos.org 
En

by Linsheng Xiao

Taking charge behavior of civil servants is important for enhancing the transformative capacity and governance efficacy of the public sector. This study is based on the conservation of resources theory and the job demands-resources model to explore the impact of hierarchical plateau on taking charge behavior of civil servants, including the mediating role of work engagement and the moderating effect of trait mindfulness. Through the analysis of a sample of 286 civil servants in Guangdong Province... Читать дальше...

Evolution of two metabolic genes involved in nucleotide and amino acid metabolism in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Plos.org 
En

by Yutong Wu, Yuqi Shi, Xiaohui Liang

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen causing various severe infections. Understanding genetic mechanisms of its metabolic versatility aids in developing novel antibacterial drugs and therapeutic strategies to address multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa infections. The metabolism of nucleotides and amino acids contributes to the cycle of two key biological macromolecules in the genetic central dogma. Guanine deaminase (GuaD) catalyzes... Читать дальше...

Correction: Using machine learning to understand age and gender classification based on infant temperament

Plos.org 
En

by Maria A. Gartstein, D. Erich Seamon, Jennifer A. Mattera, Michelle Bosquet Enlow, Rosalind J. Wright, Koraly Perez-Edgar, Kristin A. Buss, Vanessa LoBue, Martha Ann Bell, Sherryl H. Goodman, Susan Spieker, David J. Bridgett, Amy L. Salisbury, Megan R. Gunnar, Shanna B. Mliner, Maria Muzik, Cynthia A. Stifter, Elizabeth M. Planalp, Samuel A. Mehr, Elizabeth S. Spelke, Angela F. Lukowski, Ashley M. Groh, Diane M. Lickenbrock, Rebecca Santelli, Tina Du Rocher Schudlich, Stephanie Anzman-Frasca... Читать дальше...

Multiple independent genetic code reassignments of the UAG stop codon in phyllopharyngean ciliates

Plos.org 
En

by Jamie McGowan, Thomas A. Richards, Neil Hall, David Swarbreck

The translation of nucleotide sequences into amino acid sequences, governed by the genetic code, is one of the most conserved features of molecular biology. The standard genetic code, which uses 61 sense codons to encode one of the 20 standard amino acids and 3 stop codons (UAA, UAG, and UGA) to terminate translation, is used by most extant organisms. The protistan phylum Ciliophora (the ’ciliates’) are the most prominent exception to this norm... Читать дальше...

Model supports asymmetric regulation across the intercellular junction for collective cell polarization

Plos.org 
En

by Katherine Levandosky, Calina Copos

Symmetry breaking, which is ubiquitous in biological cells, functionally enables directed cell movement and organized embryogenesis. Prior to movement, cells break symmetry to form a well-defined cell front and rear in a process called polarization. In developing and regenerating tissues, collective cell movement requires the coordination of the polarity of the migration machineries of neighboring cells. Though several works shed light on the molecular basis of polarity... Читать дальше...

In–silico simultaneous respiratory and circulatory measurement during voluntary breathing, exercise, and mental stress: A computational approach

Plos.org 
En

by Masami Iwamoto, Satoko Hirabayashi, Noritoshi Atsumi

Voluntary breathing (VB), short–term exercise (STE), and mental stress (MS) can modulate breathing rate (BR), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP), thereby affecting human physical and mental state. While existing experimental studies have explored the relationship between VB, STE, or MS and BR, HR, and BP changes, their findings remain fragmented due to individual differences and challenges in simultaneous, BR, HR, and BP measurements. Читать дальше...

Randomness as a driver of inactivity in social groups

Plos.org 
En

by Abel Bernadou, Raphaël Jeanson

Social insects, such as ants and bees, are known for their highly efficient and structured colonies. Division of labour, in which each member of the colony has a specific role, is considered to be one major driver of their ecological success. However, empirical evidence has accumulated showing that many workers, sometimes more than half, remain idle in insect societies. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain these patterns, but none provides a consensual explanation. Читать дальше...

Comprehensive analysis of the C. elegans connectome reveals novel circuits and functions of previously unstudied neurons

Plos.org 
En

by Scott W. Emmons

Despite decades of research on the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system based on an anatomical description of synaptic connectivity, the circuits underlying behavior remain incompletely described and the functions of many neurons are still unknown. Updated and more complete chemical and gap junction connectomes of both adult sexes covering the entire animal including the muscle end organ have become available recently. Here, these are analyzed to gain insight into the... Читать дальше...