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Новости за 11.11.2024

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Smokeless tobacco use and its associated factors among secondary school students of Rangeli Municipality of Morang district, Nepal

Plos.org 
En

by Manish Rajbanshi, Rocky Rajbanshi, Richa Aryal

Background

The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats and the world’s leading cause of preventable death which is responsible for killing 8 million people every year. Adolescents are the vulnerable age group and are at greater risk of any tobacco use including smokeless tobacco (SLT) and nicotine addiction. Tobacco use at a young age increases the risk of various non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as respiratory illness... Читать дальше...

In rod we trust–The evaluation of a virtual rod and frame test as a cybersickness screening instrument

Plos.org 
En

by Judith Josupeit

Although Virtual Reality (VR) holds massive potential, its applicability still faces challenges because some individuals experience cybersickness. This phenomenon includes general discomfort, disorientation, and/or nausea, and it threatens not only a pleasant user experience but also the user’s safety. Thus, predicting a user’s susceptibility without relying on screening questionnaires that focus on past experiences, would enable more pleasant, safer VR experiences, especially for first-time users. Читать дальше...

Grade prediction of lesions in cerebral white matter using a convolutional neural network

Plos.org 
En

by Noriaki Takemura, Yuya Shinkawa, Kazuo Ishii

We established a diagnostic method for cerebral white matter lesions using MRI images and examined the relationship between the MRI images and the medical checkup data. There were approximately 25 MRI images for each patient’s head, from the top of the head to near the eyes. To order these images, we defined the unit of axial for convenience. We varied conditions, such as the location and extent of the images to be loaded, into a convolutional... Читать дальше...

Effects of fasting on the interplay between temperature and Trypanosoma cruzi infection on the life cycle of the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius prolixus

Plos.org 
En

by Henri Loshouarn, Alessandra A. Guarneri

Rhodnius prolixus, a triatomine insect, is one of the most important vectors of Chagas disease in South America. Its interaction with the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of this disease, is known to be deeply affected by ambient temperature and the nutritional status of the insect vector. In this study, we investigated how starvation affects the life cycle of R. prolixus and the population dynamics of the parasite inside the intestine... Читать дальше...

Teaching deep networks to see shape: Lessons from a simplified visual world

Plos.org 
En

by Christian Jarvers, Heiko Neumann

Deep neural networks have been remarkably successful as models of the primate visual system. One crucial problem is that they fail to account for the strong shape-dependence of primate vision. Whereas humans base their judgements of category membership to a large extent on shape, deep networks rely much more strongly on other features such as color and texture. While this problem has been widely documented, the underlying reasons remain unclear. We design simple... Читать дальше...

A computational algorithm for optimal design of a bioartificial organ scaffold architecture

Plos.org 
En

by Martina Bukač, Sunčica Čanić, Boris Muha, Yifan Wang

We develop a computational algorithm based on a diffuse interface approach to study the design of bioartificial organ scaffold architectures. These scaffolds, composed of poroelastic hydrogels housing transplanted cells, are linked to the patient’s blood circulation via an anastomosis graft. Before entering the scaffold, the blood flow passes through a filter, and the resulting filtered blood plasma transports oxygen and nutrients to... Читать дальше...