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Новости за 11.11.2024

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A model of lymphocryptovirus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in immunosuppressed Mauritian cynomolgus macaques

Plos.org 
En

by Helen L. Wu, Whitney C. Weber, Courtney M. Waytashek, Carla D. Boyle, Jason S. Reed, Katherine B. Bateman, Hannah K. Fisher, Yan Chen, Kimberly Armantrout, Tonya Swanson, Christine Shriver-Munsch, Mina Northrup, Miranda Fischer, Sreya Biswas, John Templon, Angela Panoskaltsis-Mortari, Benjamin J. Burwitz, Amanda L. Johnson, Lois Colgin, Anne D. Lewis, Jeremy V. Smedley, Michael K. Axthelm, Rebecca Skalsky, Gabrielle Meyers, Richard T. Maziarz, Erik Mittra, Melissa Berg, Jeffrey J. Stanton, Jonah B. Читать дальше...

Malnutrition disrupts adaptive immunity during visceral leishmaniasis by enhancing IL-10 production

Plos.org 
En

by Laís Amorim Sacramento, Claudia Gonzalez-Lombana, Phillip Scott

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a risk factor for developing visceral leishmaniasis (VL). While nutrient deficiency can impair immunity, its mechanistic impact on protective adaptive immune responses following Leishmania infection remains unknown. To determine the potential negative impacts of malnutrition on anti-parasitic responses in chronic VL, we provided mice with a polynutrient-deficient diet (deficient protein... Читать дальше...

Research on the effect of multiple credit ratings from the perspective of financial regulatory systems in Chinese bond market

Plos.org 
En

by Xiangyun Zhou, Huiling Wang, Luping Zhang

This paper, starting from the effects of financial regulatory policies, considers the interaction between Chengxin_Moody and Lianhe_Fitch with the dual rating system and the multi-rating system, constructs a new ordered Logit model, and attempts to explore the impact of the Notice, the dual rating system and the multiple rating system on the probability of Chinese corporate bond defaults, rating upgrades, rating downgrades, and the magnitude of credit rating migrations. Читать дальше...

Current investigation of neurocognitive functioning in preschool children with cancer: A cross-sectional study from western China

Plos.org 
En

by Zefang Chen, Lifang Xu, Lin Mo

Background and aims

Cancer and its treatments may cause neurocognitive impairments in preschool children, but there is limited research on the neurocognitive outcomes of this population. This study, which assessed the neurocognitive function of preschool children with cancer and analyzed various influencing factors of neurocognitive functioning, is of significant importance. We aimed to investigate neurocognitive function and related risk factors in preschool... Читать дальше...

Optimization of bus stop layout considering multiple factors including passenger flow direction

Plos.org 
En

by Guangchun Li, Lei Nie, Feng Gao, Zhenhuan He

Bus stop layout typically requires consideration of urban population distribution, traffic conditions, and passenger flow demand to establish an efficient foundation for the bus system’s operation. Based on the above key factors, this paper introduces a strategic method to optimize the bus stop layout from a macro perspective in order to save passengers’ travel time and improve the attractiveness of the bus system. This approach accounts for... Читать дальше...

Explainable machine learning for early prediction of sepsis in traumatic brain injury: A discovery and validation study

Plos.org 
En

by Wenchi Liu, Xing Yu, Jinhong Chen, Weizhi Chen, Qiaoyi Wu

Background

People with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at high risk for infection and sepsis. The aim of the study was to develop and validate an explainable machine learning(ML) model based on clinical features for early prediction of the risk of sepsis in TBI patients.

Methods

We enrolled all patients with TBI in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database from 2008 to 2019. All patients were randomly... Читать дальше...

A potential tool for marine biogeography: eDNA-dominant fish species differ among coastal habitats and by season concordant with gear-based assessments

Plos.org 
En

by Mark Y. Stoeckle, Jesse H. Ausubel, Greg Hinks, Stacy M. VanMorter

Effective ocean management asks for up-to-date knowledge of marine biogeography. Here we compare eDNA and gear-based assessments of marine fish populations using an approach that focuses on the commonest species. The protocol takes advantage of the “hollow curve” of species abundance distributions, with a minority of species comprising the great majority of individuals or biomass. We analyzed new and published teleost eDNA... Читать дальше...

Scallop fishing activity characterization in Southern New England: Offshore wind demands and fisheries-dependent methods

Plos.org 
En

by Julia Livermore, Todd Guilfoos

Managers attempt to minimize spatial use conflicts in siting of offshore wind developments, but they must rely on available data to balance biological, commercial, and recreational needs. Marine spatial planning products are only as good as the data they are built upon and fishing data present major challenges due to their confidentiality and the difficulty in isolating true fishing activity. We present a methodology to increase the spatiotemporal resolution... Читать дальше...

Active tuberculosis disease among people living with HIV on ART who completed tuberculosis preventive therapy at three public hospitals in Uganda

Plos.org 
En

by Gaston Turinawe, Derrick Asaasira, Margret Banana Kajumba, Ivan Mugumya, Dennis Walusimbi, Florence Zawedde Tebagalika, Francis Kakooza Wasswa, Munanura Turyasiima, Susan Wendy Wandera Kayizzi, Ambrose Odwee, Khawa Namajja, Mabel Nakawooya, Paul Lwevola, Deo Nsubuga, Bruce Nabaasa, Shallon Atuhaire, Musa Dahiru, Derrick Kimuli

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Smokeless tobacco use and its associated factors among secondary school students of Rangeli Municipality of Morang district, Nepal

Plos.org 
En

by Manish Rajbanshi, Rocky Rajbanshi, Richa Aryal

Background

The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats and the world’s leading cause of preventable death which is responsible for killing 8 million people every year. Adolescents are the vulnerable age group and are at greater risk of any tobacco use including smokeless tobacco (SLT) and nicotine addiction. Tobacco use at a young age increases the risk of various non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as respiratory illness... Читать дальше...

In rod we trust–The evaluation of a virtual rod and frame test as a cybersickness screening instrument

Plos.org 
En

by Judith Josupeit

Although Virtual Reality (VR) holds massive potential, its applicability still faces challenges because some individuals experience cybersickness. This phenomenon includes general discomfort, disorientation, and/or nausea, and it threatens not only a pleasant user experience but also the user’s safety. Thus, predicting a user’s susceptibility without relying on screening questionnaires that focus on past experiences, would enable more pleasant, safer VR experiences, especially for first-time users. Читать дальше...