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Новости за 15.10.2024

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Prediabetes increases the risk of pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of longitudinal observational studies

Plos.org 
En

by Xuefang Huang, Huan Li, Lisha Zhao, Lingli Xu, Hui Long

Background

Glycemic disorder is closely related to the risk of pancreatic cancer, but previous studies focused on the influence of diabetes. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the influence of prediabetes, an intermediate state between normoglycemia and diabetes, on the risk of pancreatic cancer.

Methods

Relevant longitudinal observational studies were identified through a search of Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Читать дальше...

Fast & furious: Rejecting the hypothesis that secondary psychopathy improves reaction time-based concealed information detection

Plos.org 
En

by Imbar Mizrahi, Nathalie klein Selle

Deception, a complex aspect of human behavior, is inherently difficult to detect directly. A valid alternative involves memory detection, particularly through methods such as the Reaction-Time based Concealed Information Test (RT-CIT). The RT-CIT assesses whether an individual possesses specific knowledge by presenting various probe (familiar) items amidst irrelevant (unfamiliar) items. The task-required "unfamiliar" response to probes may induce a response conflict. Читать дальше...

Cognitive support for political partisans’ understanding of policy data

Plos.org 
En

by Shuyuan Yu, John E. Opfer

Political partisanship might lead educated adults–even the highly numerate–to reason selectively about numbers that are relevant to and support their ideology (“motivated numeracy”). In this pre-registered study, we sought to examine the replicability of motivated numeracy, and investigate whether cognitive support (number lines) that improves the reasoning of children might also improve the reasoning of political partisans. To test this, we asked 1000 adults... Читать дальше...

Health outcome convergence and the roles of public health financing and governance in Africa

Plos.org 
En

by Ariane Ephemia Ndzignat Mouteyica, Nicholas Nwanyek Ngepah

Progress in health outcomes across Africa has been uneven, marked by significant disparities among countries, which not only challenges the global health security but impede progress towards achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals 3 and 10 (SDG 3 and SDG 10) and Universal Health Coverage (UHC). This paper examines the progress of African countries in reducing intra-country health outcome disparities between 2000 and 2019. Читать дальше...

The association of diet quality with the mental health of students during their transition to university

Plos.org 
En

by Solomis Solomou, Heather Robinson, Guillermo Perez-Algorta

University students are at risk of experiencing mental health and diet quality problems during their transition to university. This study aimed to examine the bidirectional associations between the diet quality and mental health of students during their transition to universities in the UK, and the impact of the transition on diet quality and mental health. The study adopted a cross-sectional design and took place during the first semester of year 2021–2022. Читать дальше...

Orthosilicic acid inhibits human osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption

Plos.org 
En

by Catarina Magnusson, Maria Ransjö

Context

Silicon (Si), which is present in the diet in the bioavailable form of orthosilicic acid (OSA) and is detected as a dissolution product of certain bone-substitute materials, is suggested to promote bone health, and enhance bone healing, respectively. Silicon has been shown to stimulate osteoblastic cell differentiation and function, although the effect of Si on human osteoclasts is unclear.

Aim

The present study investigated the direct... Читать дальше...

A global chromoblastomycosis strategy and development of the global chromoblastomycosis working group

Plos.org 
En

by Dallas J. Smith, Flávio Queiroz-Telles, Fahafahantsoa Rapelanoro Rabenja, Roderick Hay, Alexandro Bonifaz, Marlous L. Grijsen, Romain Blaizot, Fernando Messina, Yinggai Song, Shawn R. Lockhart, Alexander Jordan, Alyson M. Cavanaugh, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Tom Chiller, Marco Schito, Sybren de Hoog, Vania Aparecida Vicente, Muriel Cornet, Daniel Argaw Dagne, Lala S. Ramarozatovo, Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de Azevedo, Daniel Wagner C. L. Santos

Читать дальше...

Role of the type 6 secretion system on apoptosis and macrophage polarization during Burkholderia pseudomallei infection

Plos.org 
En

by Jacob L. Stockton, Nittaya Khakhum, Alfredo G. Torres

Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bpm) is the causative agent of the disease melioidosis. As a facultative intracellular pathogen, Bpm has a complex lifestyle that culminates in cell-to-cell fusion and multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) formation. The virulence factor responsible for MNGC formation is the type 6 secretion system (T6SS), a contractile nanomachine. MNGC formation is a cell-to-cell spread strategy that allows the bacteria to... Читать дальше...

Ultraprocessed food (UPF), health, and mechanistic uncertainty: What should we be advising the public to do about UPFs?

Plos.org 
En

by Eric Robinson, Alexandra M. Johnstone

In this perspective, we discuss why current mechanistic uncertainty on ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) and health acts as a major challenge to providing informed dietary guidelines and public advice on UPFs. Based on the balance of current evidence, we do not believe it is appropriate to be advising consumers to avoid all UPFs and we await further evidence to inform consumer guidance on the need to limit consumption of specifics foods based on their degree or type of processing. Читать дальше...

Manufactured meals: The challenges of ultraprocessed foods

Plos.org 
En

by Alexandra Tosun, on behalf of the PLOS Medicine Editors

In this Editorial on behalf of the PLOS Medicine Editors, Alexandra Tosun discusses how ultra-processed food has found itself at the center of a growing storm of criticism, the complexities of the ongoing nutrition debate and why stakeholders must be held to higher standards.

Loss of PHF6 causes spontaneous seizures, enlarged brain ventricles and altered transcription in the cortex of a mouse model of the Börjeson–Forssman–Lehmann intellectual disability syndrome

Plos.org 
En

by Helen M. McRae, Melody P. Y. Leong, Maria I. Bergamasco, Alexandra L. Garnham, Yifang Hu, Mark A. Corbett, Lachlan Whitehead, Farrah El-Saafin, Bilal N. Sheikh, Stephen Wilcox, Anthony J. Hannan, Jozef Gécz, Gordon K. Smyth, Tim Thomas, Anne K. Voss

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INO80 regulates chromatin accessibility to facilitate suppression of sex-linked gene expression during mouse spermatogenesis

Plos.org 
En

by Prabuddha Chakraborty, Terry Magnuson

The INO80 protein is the main catalytic subunit of the INO80-chromatin remodeling complex, which is critical for DNA repair and transcription regulation in murine spermatocytes. In this study, we explored the role of INO80 in silencing genes on meiotic sex chromosomes in male mice. INO80 immunolocalization at the XY body in pachytene spermatocytes suggested a role for INO80 in the meiotic sex body. Subsequent deletion of Ino80 resulted in high expression of sex-linked genes. Читать дальше...