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Новости за 01.10.2024

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Enhancing the energy level of regional digital innovation ecosystems: A configuration perspective

Plos.org 
En

by Rong Huang, Shuai Mao

This study introduces the concept of "energy level" into the analysis of innovation ecosystems. Drawing on the theory of "architects", we have identified the key architects of regional digital innovation ecosystems. By integrating Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) and Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), we examined the configuration effects of internal architects, external architects, and digital innovation habitats on the energy level of these ecosystems... Читать дальше...

Breast tumor segmentation using neural cellular automata and shape guided segmentation in mammography images

Plos.org 
En

by Mudassar Ali, Tong Wu, Haoji Hu, Tariq Mahmood

Purpose

Using computer-aided design (CAD) systems, this research endeavors to enhance breast cancer segmentation by addressing data insufficiency and data complexity during model training. As perceived by computer vision models, the inherent symmetry and complexity of mammography images make segmentation difficult. The objective is to optimize the precision and effectiveness of medical imaging.

Methods

The study introduces a hybrid... Читать дальше...

Water‒soil-air‒plant mutual feedback mechanism under the application of red bed composite polymers

Plos.org 
En

by Tianpeng Chen, Guangjun Cui, Cuiying Zhou, Zhen Liu

Red bed composite polymers composed of weathered red bed soil, adhesive materials, and water-retaining materials have been applied as a new type of material for environmental restoration. However, the promotion and application of this material has been limited by a lack of understanding of its action mechanism in environmental restoration. The objective of this study is to innovatively propose a water‒soil-air‒plant mutual feedback mechanism based on this material. Читать дальше...

PD1CD28 chimeric molecule enhances EGFRvⅢ specific CAR-T cells in xenograft experiments in mouse models

Plos.org 
En

by Wanqiong Chen, Na Xian, Ningning Zhao, Qiong Zhang, Yunlu Xu

Over the years, CAR-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in treating hematological malignancies. However, this efficacy has not been replicated in the context of glioblastoma (GBM). In this study, a PD1CD28 chimeric molecule was introduced into EGFRvⅢ-directed CAR-T cells, generating EGFRvⅢ-P2A-PD1CD28 CAR-T cells. Notably, this modification significantly increased IL-2 secretion and enhanced antigen-dependent activation of CAR-T cells... Читать дальше...

Cost effectiveness of a vascular access education and training program for hospitalized emergency department patients

Plos.org 
En

by Amit Bahl, Yuying Xing, S. Matthew Gibson, Emily DiLoreto

Objective

Education and training in vascular access is a critical component to delivering quality vascular access care. Given that organizations must invest resources to implement and sustain high-quality vascular access programming, we aimed to demonstrate the cost effectiveness of a program (Operation STICK (OSTICK)) in the emergency department (ED).

Methods

This was an observational cohort study conducted at a tertiary care academic center with 120,000 ED visits. Читать дальше...

GenerRNA: A generative pre-trained language model for de novo RNA design

Plos.org 
En

by Yichong Zhao, Kenta Oono, Hiroki Takizawa, Masaaki Kotera

The design of RNA plays a crucial role in developing RNA vaccines, nucleic acid therapeutics, and innovative biotechnological tools. However, existing techniques frequently lack versatility across various tasks and are dependent on pre-defined secondary structure or other prior knowledge. To address these limitations, we introduce GenerRNA, a Transformer-based model inspired by the success of large language models (LLMs) in protein and molecule generation. Читать дальше...

A comprehensive numerical procedure for high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation of breast tumour on an anatomically realistic breast phantom

Plos.org 
En

by Reza Rahpeima, Chao-An Lin

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) as a promising and impactful modality for breast tumor ablation, entails the precise focalization of high-intensity ultrasonic waves onto the tumor site, culminating in the generation of extreme heat, thus ablation of malignant tissues. In this paper, a comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) Finite Element Method (FEM)-based numerical procedure is introduced, which provides exceptional capacity for simulating the intricate multiphysics phenomena associated with HIFU. Читать дальше...

Does parents’ retirement influence the fertility intentions of subsequent generations among internal migrant populations? Evidence from China

Plos.org 
En

by Tianxin Cai, Shilong Ma, Renyao Zhong

Objectives

The fertility health of the migrating population has attracted significant attention. This article examines the impact of parental retirement on the fertility intentions of the offspring among the internal migrant population.

Methods

This study utilizes the mandatory retirement age system as an exogenous shock within a fuzzy regression discontinuity (FRD) experimental design to investigate the influence of parents’ retirement on... Читать дальше...

Prescribed fire regimes influence responses of fungal and bacterial communities on new litter substrates in a brackish tidal marsh

Plos.org 
En

by Viet Q. Dao, Crystal N. Johnson, William J. Platt

Processes modifying newly deposited litter substrates should affect fine fuels in fire-managed tidal marsh ecosystems. Differences in chemical composition and dynamics of litter should arise from fire histories that generate pyrodiverse plant communities, tropical cyclones that deposit wrack as litter, tidal inundation that introduces and alters sediments and microbes, and interactions among these different processes. The resulting diversity... Читать дальше...

Evolutionary game and simulation study of public transport under government incentive and punishment mechanism

Plos.org 
En

by Mingyue Chen, Chunyan Li

Public transport plays an indispensable role in the whole public transport system. This paper makes an in-depth study on how public transport can provide passengers with higher service quality while meeting the needs of passengers. In order to achieve this research goal, this paper organically incorporates the three key subjects of government supervision, public transport and passengers into the research framework. Evolutionary game theory is used to construct the corresponding research model. Читать дальше...

Measurement, spatial differences and driving effects of well-being levels in China

Plos.org 
En

by Yumeng Zhang, Chongyang Zhong, Yin Wang

As the largest developing country, China has accumulated enormous material wealth since its reform and opening-up policy. How to effectively evaluate the level of well-being in China has become a meaningful research endeavor. Using the entropy method, Dagum Gini coefficient and Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition methods, the study examines the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, spatial differences and driving effects... Читать дальше...

Stripe pattern differences can be used to distinguish individual adult zebrafish

Plos.org 
En

by Shinichi Meguro, Takahiro Hasumura

Adult zebrafish are commonly used as disease models in biomedical research, but unlike in other model organisms such as rodents, there is no simple method for distinguishing individuals, even though the importance of individual differences is recognized in such research. We developed a side viewing device that can be used to capture images of stripe patterns and identified eight distinct components of stripe patterns on the caudal and anal fins that allowed us to distinguish individual fish. Читать дальше...

Cultural values and digital gap: Overview of behavioral patterns

Plos.org 
En

by Maral Jamalova

The study uses different statistical techniques to understand the relationship between variables explaining the digital divide and classification based on The Inglehart-Welzel Cultural Map for 2023. To achieve this purpose variables focusing on Digital Penetration (the percentage of internet and social media users and mobile cellular connections), Operating Systems share (iOS and Android), Device Traffic (laptop/mobile phone-based web traffic) as well as Mobile Commerce... Читать дальше...

Glomerular filtration rate determined by measuring serum clearance of iohexol in unanesthetized cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) with comparison to serum symmetric dimethylarginine

Plos.org 
En

by Nicholas Lordi, Priya Bapodra-Villaverde, Mark Flint

One of the more common diseases affecting zoo-managed cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) is chronic renal disease, which can impact their welfare and ultimately shortens their lifespan. Early diagnosis, for which estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is one such tool, is imperative to help mitigate the negative impacts of this insidious disease. GFR was determined by measuring the serum clearance of iohexol in nine clinically normal,... Читать дальше...