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Новости за 26.09.2024

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Development and deployment of a solid oral amphotericin B dosage form to treat visceral leishmaniasis within a pediatric population

Plos.org 
En

by Kishor M. Wasan

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe and potentially fatal infection, with over 90% of reported cases occurring in East African countries including Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, and Uganda, affecting mainly impoverished individuals, and creating a significant economic burden. Currently, the intravenous single-dose liposomal amphotericin B is the first choice for the treatment of VL. Recently, WHO and DNDi have suggested a combination... Читать дальше...

Updated annotation and meta-analysis of Brugia malayi transcriptomics data reveals consistent transcriptional profiles across time and space with some study-specific differences in adult female worm transcriptional profiles

Plos.org 
En

by Christopher I. Holt, Julie C. Dunning Hotopp

Genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have significantly advanced our understanding of obligately host-associated microbes, where interrogation of the biology is often limited by the complexity of the biological system and limited tools. This includes the causative agents of many neglected tropical diseases, including filarial nematodes. Therefore, numerous transcriptomics studies have been undertaken on filarial nematodes. Most of these transcriptomics studies focus on Brugia malayi... Читать дальше...

Stable introduction of Wolbachia wPip into invasive Anopheles stephensi for potential malaria control

Plos.org 
En

by Yongkang Liang, Julian Liu, YiLian Wu, Yu Wu, Zhiyong Xi

The spread and invasion of the urban malaria vector Anopheles stephensi has emerged as a significant threat to ongoing malaria control and elimination efforts, particularly in Africa. The successful use of the maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia for arbovirus control has inspired the exploration of similar strategies for managing malaria vectors, necessitating the establishment of a stable Wolbachia-Anopheles symbiosis. Читать дальше...

Ecological study measuring the association between conflict, environmental factors, and annual global cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis incidence (2005–2022)

Plos.org 
En

by Maia C. Tarnas, Aula Abbara, Angel N. Desai, Daniel M. Parker

Background

Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (CL/ML) cause significant morbidity globally and are vulnerable to changes from environmental events and conflict. In this ecological study, we aim to measure the associations between annual CL/ML cases, conflict intensity, and environmental factors between 2005 and 2022 globally.

Methods

We pulled annual case data from the WHO for 52 nations that had conflict intensity... Читать дальше...

Levels and functionality of Pacific Islanders’ hybrid humoral immune response to BNT162b2 vaccination and delta/omicron infection: A cohort study in New Caledonia

Plos.org 
En

by Catherine Inizan, Adrien Courtot, Chloé Sturmach, Anne-Fleur Griffon, Antoine Biron, Timothée Bruel, Vincent Enouf, Thibaut Demaneuf, Sandie Munier, Olivier Schwartz, Ann-Claire Gourinat, Georges Médevielle, Marc Jouan, Sylvie van der Werf, Yoann Madec, Valérie Albert-Dunais, Myrielle Dupont-Rouzeyrol

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Hypopituitarism in Sox3 null mutants correlates with altered NG2-glia in the median eminence and is influenced by aspirin and gut microbiota

Plos.org 
En

by Christophe Galichet, Karine Rizzoti, Robin Lovell-Badge

The median eminence (ME), located at the base of the hypothalamus, is an essential centre of information exchange between the brain and the pituitary. We and others previously showed that mutations and duplications affecting the transcription factor SOX3/Sox3 result in hypopituitarism, and this is likely of hypothalamic origin. We demonstrate here that the absence of Sox3 predominantly affects the ME with phenotypes that first occur in juvenile animals... Читать дальше...

A hierarchy of metabolite exchanges in metabolic models of microbial species and communities

Plos.org 
En

by Ylva Katarina Wedmark, Jon Olav Vik, Ove Øyås

The metabolic network of an organism can be analyzed as a constraint-based model. This analysis can be biased, optimizing an objective such as growth rate, or unbiased, aiming to describe the full feasible space of metabolic fluxes through pathway analysis or random flux sampling. In particular, pathway analysis can decompose the flux space into fundamental and formally defined metabolic pathways. Unbiased methods scale poorly with network size due to combinatorial explosion... Читать дальше...

SPOT: A machine learning model that predicts specific substrates for transport proteins

Plos.org 
En

by Alexander Kroll, Nico Niebuhr, Gregory Butler, Martin J. Lercher

Transport proteins play a crucial role in cellular metabolism and are central to many aspects of molecular biology and medicine. Determining the function of transport proteins experimentally is challenging, as they become unstable when isolated from cell membranes. Machine learning-based predictions could provide an efficient alternative. However, existing methods are limited to predicting a small number of specific substrates or broad transporter classes. Читать дальше...

Government scraps sugar tax

Err.ee (en) 
En

The government has dropped plans to introduce a tax on sweetened beverages and withdrew the draft law submitted to the Riigikogu on Thursday.

Hubble sees black hole beam boosting stellar eruptions

Esa.int 
En

In a surprise finding, astronomers using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope have discovered that the blowtorch-like jet from a supermassive black hole at the core of a huge galaxy seems to cause stars to erupt along its trajectory. The stars, called novae, are not caught inside the jet, but apparently in a dangerous neighbourhood nearby.