Новости за 24.09.2024

To the Editor Studying medicine and becoming a physician are complex tasks and are more difficult when done in a low- and middle-income country and when having a physical disability. Even in the United States, less than 1% of medical students have a disability, despite the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, which prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities. In their Research Letter, Ms Nguyen and colleagues suggested that future studies regarding applicants with disability may... Читать дальше...

This study uses a national registry study to characterize temporal trends in perioperative mortality in donors and risk factors associated with this event.

This Viewpoint explores increasing mortality rates in the US due to a variety of causes unrelated to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In this narrative medicine essay, a transplant hepatology fellow whose gestational diabetes progressed to type 1 diabetes finds robust online support groups that have helped her navigate her new reality.

This JAMA Patient Page describes pertussis illness, its signs and symptoms, and its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention measures.

In Reply Drs Schwartz and Ambardekar provide a powerful, real-world example of how a creative and empathetic clinical team markedly improved care quality and safety for a girl with autism anxious about preprocedure anesthesia by involving her trusted service animal in appearing to “inject” the anesthetic induction medication. This innovative effort obviously took planning, collaboration with the girl’s parents, and perhaps relaxing institutional rules about allowing the service animal into a setting not customarily open to the public. Читать дальше...

To the Editor Dr Iezzoni and Ms Higgins’ recent JAMA Insights article reviews the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) rules for patients, visitors, and individuals bringing service animals into health care settings. Expanding the audience to include clinicians, whose educational deficit about the ADA rules is striking, is an important first step. We believe the message may be amplified through a clinical example to spur clinicians to adopt service animal collaborators.

This study assesses mean emissions and costs and estimated total yearly emissions and costs for US-branded inhalers prescribed to Medicare Part D and Medicaid beneficiaries.

The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, in a report on legal education in the United States, offers some interesting statistics based on the census returns of 1920 concerning the supply of physicians, clergymen and lawyers in the United States. According to the census reports, in 1920 there were 164,781 physicians, 168,348 clergymen and 132,590 lawyers. Incidentally, the figures for physicians included 14,774 nondescript healers and 5,030 osteopaths; the figures for clergymen included 14,078 religious and charity workers... Читать дальше...

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the 2023 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases practice guidance on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

This randomized clinical trial compares the effect of continued use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) vs discontinued use of RASIs before major noncardiac surgery on postoperative complications.

This randomized clinical trial examines whether a lower serum potassium concentration trigger for supplementation is noninferior to a high-normal trigger for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery.

This Medical News article discusses care denials under Medicare Advantage plans and efforts to streamline the prior authorization process.

Prenatal famine exposure, especially in the beginning of gestation, could increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, according to a study published in Science.

Newer ways of treating patients who have experienced an acute myocardial infarction (MI) over the past 20 years have reduced rates of sudden death, according to a recent study published in JAMA Cardiology.

About 57% of US veterans hospitalized and treated for pneumonia had a discrepancy in their pneumonia diagnosis between intake and discharge, according to a cohort study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

A loophole in US federal law allows people to buy firearms from private sellers without undergoing a background check. Some states, though, have tried reducing gun violence by imposing either a background check before someone can buy a gun or requiring a state permit, which involves a more thorough vetting process, including a background check, before it’s issued.

In late July, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced plans to develop a messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine to protect people in low- and middle-income countries from the highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus. The initiative comes during continued concern about a public health risk from the rapid spread of the H5N1 virus among animals, the WHO reported.

Children around the world consumed an average of 23% more sugar-sweetened beverages in 2018 than they did in 1990, new research published in The BMJ found. The population-based study examined data from the Global Dietary Database on people aged 3 years to 19 years from 185 countries.

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) released an epidemiological alert following an increase in Oropouche cases in previously unaffected areas during the first half of 2024. At the end of July, there were more than 8000 confirmed cases and 2 confirmed deaths throughout 5 countries in Latin America.

Earlier in 2024, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a request for information after several countries reported an increase in isolates identified as carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumonia (hvKp). Now WHO has issued a warning after 16 of 43 responding countries reported the presence of hvKp, 12 of which also reported carbapenem resistance.

This JAMA Data Brief discusses new data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, or MEPS, Household Component, a household survey sponsored by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.

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