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Новости за 20.09.2024

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Morphological multiparameter filtration and persistent homology in mitochondrial image analysis

Plos.org 
En

by Yu-Min Chung, Chuan-Shen Hu, Emily Sun, Henry C. Tseng

The complexity of branching and curvilinear morphology of a complete mitochondrial network within each cell is challenging to analyze and quantify. To address this challenge, we developed an image analysis technique using persistent homology with a multiparameter filtration framework, combining image processing techniques in mathematical morphology. We show that such filtrations contain both topological and geometric information about complex cellular organelle structures... Читать дальше...

Landscape and female fertility evaluation of seven heavenly bamboo cultivars as potential non-invasive alternatives to the wildtype

Plos.org 
En

by Julia Rycyna, Sandra Wilson, Zhanao Deng, Basil Iannone, Gary Knox

In recent years, breeding initiatives have been made to reduce the fecundity of invasive plants leading to sterile cultivars. The wildtype form of heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica Thunb. (Berberidaceae) and seven cultivars were evaluated for landscape performance, fruit production and seed viability at three sites in Florida located in southwest, northcentral, and north Florida. For heavenly bamboo cultivars in north Florida... Читать дальше...

Scaffolding learning: From specific to generic with large language models

Plos.org 
En

by David S. Yin, Xiaoxin Yin

Large language models such as ChatGPT have been shown to excel in solving complex math problems. However, they cannot solve basic arithmetic problems such as 758*639 = 484,362. This makes us ponder if LLMs have been trained to solve math and science problems in the right way. When a student learns math at school, she or he starts with arithmetic, then moves to word problems, polynomials, and calculus. Each skill she or he acquires will be used in the next stage to solve more advanced problems. Читать дальше...

Optimization based data enrichment using stochastic dynamical system models

Plos.org 
En

by Griffin M. Kearney, Makan Fardad

We develop a general framework for state estimation in systems modeled with noise-polluted continuous time dynamics and discrete time noisy measurements. Our approach is based on maximum likelihood estimation and employs the calculus of variations to derive optimality conditions for continuous time functions. We make no prior assumptions on the form of the mapping from measurements to state-estimate or on the distributions of the noise terms, making the... Читать дальше...

Explore an open-source value co-creation framework: A multiple case study

Plos.org 
En

by Yang Luo, Yongsheng Jin, Yuanmao Ji

Open-source communities(OSCs) are gaining significant attention in the current business environment of information technology(IT). More and more IT companies and individuals are exploring how to achieve innovation through open-source collaboration, and value co-creation(VCC) in the OSCs has become a trend. Therefore, it is particularly important to examine the mechanism of OSCs under the background of VCC theory. This study proposes a conceptual framework of open-source value co-creation (OSVCC)... Читать дальше...

Information sharing and channel encroachment in biomass supply chains

Plos.org 
En

by Xin Wu, Peng Liu, Jin Li, Jing Gao, Guangyin Xu

To guarantee the sustainable development of the biomass raw material supply chain, researchers are increasingly focusing on the issue of information asymmetry between biomass power plants and upstream supply chain members. This paper investigates the optimal information sharing strategy for a biomass power plant where farmers choose whether to encroach on the biomass feedstock supply. Using a game theory model, we analyze eight different information sharing scenarios... Читать дальше...

The association between short-term temperature variability and mortality in Virginia

Plos.org 
En

by Melanie M. Pane, Robert E. Davis

The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between short-term temperature variability on neighboring days and mortality. The change in maximum temperature in Northern Virginia, Richmond, Roanoke, and Norfolk, Virginia, on neighboring days was calculated from airport observations and associated with total mortality over a multi-county area surrounding each weather station. The association between day-to-day temperature change and mortality... Читать дальше...

Establishment of methanogen bacterial interactions during the preweaning period of dairy cattle

Plos.org 
En

by Nagaraju Indugu, Kapil S. Narayan, Meagan L. Hennessy, Dipti Pitta

Ruminant livestock are major contributors to anthropogenic methane emissions in the United States and worldwide. Enteric methane is generated by methanogenic archaea residing in ruminant digestive tracts. Information on when methanogens colonize the gut and when they begin to interact with bacteria during the early phases of the ruminant life cycle is less explored. The objectives of this study were (i) to investigate the... Читать дальше...

Income insecurity and social protection: Examining the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic across income groups

Plos.org 
En

by Na Chen

The COVID-19 pandemic has wrought unprecedented disruption on global economies, leading to widespread income insecurity among individuals and households. This study investigates the impact of the pandemic on income insecurity across different income groups and assesses the role of social protection measures in mitigating these effects. Using cross-country data, we analyze the prevalence of income reduction and the effectiveness of social assistance programs in high-income, upper middle-income... Читать дальше...

Distilling knowledge from multiple foundation models for zero-shot image classification

Plos.org 
En

by Siqi Yin, Lifan Jiang

Zero-shot image classification enables the recognition of new categories without requiring additional training data, thereby enhancing the model’s generalization capability when specific training are unavailable. This paper introduces a zero-shot image classification framework to recognize new categories that are unseen during training by distilling knowledge from foundation models. Specifically, we first employ ChatGPT and DALL-E to synthesize reference images of unseen categories from text prompts. Читать дальше...

DBDAA: A real-time approach to Dynamic Banker’s Deadlock Avoidance Algorithm with optimized time complexity

Plos.org 
En

by Most. Fatematuz Zohora, Fahiba Farhin, M. Shamim Kaiser

Effective resource allocation is crucial in operating systems to prevent deadlocks, especially when resources are limited and non-shareable. Traditional methods like the Banker’s algorithm provide solutions but suffer from limitations such as static process handling, high time complexity, and a lack of real-time adaptability. To address these challenges, we propose the Dynamic Banker’s Deadlock Avoidance Algorithm (DBDAA). The DBDAA... Читать дальше...