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Новости за 16.09.2024

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Comparison of prewarming plus intraoperative warming with intraoperative warming alone in patients undergoing minimally invasive thoracic or abdominal surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Plos.org 
En

by Ni Ding, Jingjing Yang, Cuiying Wu

Objective

Prewarming has been recommended to reduce intraoperative hypothermia. However, the evidence is unclear. This review examined if prewarming can prevent intraoperative hypothermia in patients undergoing thoracoscopic and laparoscopic surgeries.

Methods

PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to 15th January 2024. The primary outcome of interest was the difference in intraoperative core temperature. Читать дальше...

Thermal phenomena and size effects of Mg powder in combustion process

Plos.org 
En

by Ki-Hun Nam, Jung Kyu Park, Jun-Sik Lee

Magnesium is a combustible metal that poses various safety risks, including fires and explosions. However, there are limited safety measures available to prevent and respond to potential fires and explosion incidents in the metal industry. In this study, the combustion process of Mg fires was closely examined using infrared thermal imaging, focusing on the effects of Mg powder size. For the experiment, Mg powder was burned by increasing the temperature... Читать дальше...

Sequential label shift detection in classification data: An application to dengue fever

Plos.org 
En

by Ciaran Evans, Max G’Sell

Classifiers have been developed to help diagnose dengue fever in patients presenting with febrile symptoms. However, classifier predictions often rely on the assumption that new observations come from the same distribution as training data. If the population prevalence of dengue changes, as would happen with a dengue outbreak, it is important to raise an alarm as soon as possible, so that appropriate public health measures can be taken and also so that the classifier can be re-calibrated. Читать дальше...

Amygdalin prevents multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced lung epithelial cell injury by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress

Plos.org 
En

by Zhaolei Wang, Haixia Du, Haofang Wan, Jiehong Yang, Haitong Wan

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause severe bacterial pneumonia. Amygdalin is the main active pharmaceutical ingredient of bitter almond, which has broad-spectrum antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and immunomodulatory effects. It is also the main ingredient of Yinhua Pinggan granule, which is commonly used to moisten the lung and relieve cough. However... Читать дальше...

Evidence for five types of fixation during a random saccade eye tracking task and changes in fixation duration as a function of time-on-task

Plos.org 
En

by Lee Friedman, Oleg V. Komogortsev

Our interest was to evaluate changes in fixation duration as a function of time-on-task (TOT) during a random saccade task. We employed a large, publicly available dataset. The frequency histogram of fixation durations was multimodal and modelled as a Gaussian mixture. For this specific task, we found five fixation types. The “ideal” response would be a single accurate saccade after each target movement, with a typical saccade latency of 200-250 msec,... Читать дальше...

Cognitive correlates of math abilities in autism spectrum disorder

Plos.org 
En

by Irene Tonizzi, M. Carmen Usai

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the contribution of different cognitive processes to specific math abilities in students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) students. The study involved a group of students with ASD without intellectual disabilities (n = 26) and a group with TD students (n = 52). The two groups aged from six to 20 years old and were matched for age, sex ratio and visuospatial reasoning. To assess math abilities... Читать дальше...

HIV, malnutrition, and noncommunicable disease epidemics among tuberculosis-affected households in east and southern Africa: A cross-sectional analysis of the ERASE-TB cohort

Plos.org 
En

by Claire Jacqueline Calderwood, Edson Tawanda Marambire, Leyla Larsson, Denise Banze, Alfred Mfinanga, Celina Nhamuave, Tejawsi Appalarowthu, Mishelle Mugava, Jorge Ribeiro, Peter Edwin Towo, Karlos Madziva, Justin Dixon, Kathrin Held, Lilian Tina Minja, Junior Mutsvangwa, Celso Khosa, Norbert Heinrich, Katherine Fielding, Katharina Kranzer, ERASE-TB consortium

Читать дальше...

Evolution recovers the fitness of Acinetobacter baylyi strains with large deletions through mutations in deletion-specific targets and global post-transcriptional regulators

Plos.org 
En

by Isaac Gifford, Gabriel A. Suárez, Jeffrey E. Barrick

Organelles and endosymbionts have naturally evolved dramatically reduced genome sizes compared to their free-living ancestors. Synthetic biologists have purposefully engineered streamlined microbial genomes to create more efficient cellular chassis and define the minimal components of cellular life. During natural or engineered genome streamlining, deletion of many non-essential genes in combination often reduces bacterial fitness for idiosyncratic or unknown reasons. Читать дальше...

Nickel tolerance is channeled through C-4 methyl sterol oxidase Erg25 in the sterol biosynthesis pathway

Plos.org 
En

by Amber R. Matha, Xiaofeng Xie, Robert J. Maier, Xiaorong Lin

Nickel (Ni) is an abundant element on Earth and it can be toxic to all forms of life. Unlike our knowledge of other metals, little is known about the biochemical response to Ni overload. Previous studies in mammals have shown that Ni induces various physiological changes including redox stress, hypoxic responses, as well as cancer progression pathways. However, the primary cellular targets of nickel toxicity are unknown. Here... Читать дальше...