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Новости за 06.09.2024

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Does overconfident CEO lead to corporate environmental misconducts? Evidence from China

Plos.org 
En

by Lu Zhang, Dayuan Li, Zhaohua Xiao, Jialin Jiang, Fenghua Lu

Enterprises are drawing growing criticism for violating environmental rules. The research examines whether and how top executives’ mental bias leads to corporate environmental misconduct (CEI). Drawing on upper echelon theory (UET) and agency theory, we link CEO overconfidence with CEI, and explore the boundary conditions from the perspective of management discretion at the governance level. Using a data set covering the Chinese listed enterprises from 2004 to 2016... Читать дальше...

Strategies found not to be suitable for stabilizing high steroid hydroxylation activities of CYP450 BM3-based whole-cell biocatalysts

Plos.org 
En

by Carolin Bertelmann, Bruno Bühler

The implementation of biocatalytic steroid hydroxylation processes plays a crucial role in the pharmaceutical industry due to a plethora of medicative effects of hydroxylated steroid derivatives and their crucial role in drug approval processes. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450s) typically constitute the key enzymes catalyzing these reactions, but commonly entail drawbacks such as poor catalytic rates and the dependency on additional redox proteins... Читать дальше...

A bidirectional reversible and multilevel location privacy protection method based on attribute encryption

Plos.org 
En

by Zhaowei Hu, Kaiyi Hu, Milu Md Khaled Hasan

Various methods such as k-anonymity and differential privacy have been proposed to safeguard users’ private information in the publication of location service data. However, these typically employ a rigid “all-or-nothing” privacy standard that fails to accommodate users’ more nuanced and multi-level privacy-related needs. Data is irrecoverable once anonymized, leading to a permanent reduction in location data quality, in turn significantly diminishing data utility. Читать дальше...

Sense of agency at a temporally-delayed gaze-contingent display

Plos.org 
En

by Junhui Kim, Takako Yoshida

The subjective feeling of being the author of one’s actions and the subsequent consequences is referred to as a sense of agency. Such a feeling is crucial for usability in human–computer interactions, where eye movement has been adopted, yet this area has been scarcely investigated. We examined how the temporal action–feedback discrepancy affects the sense of agency concerning eye movement. Participants conducted a visual search for an array of nine Chinese characters... Читать дальше...

Elevated hydrostatic pressure disturbs expression of growth factors in human renal epithelial cells

Plos.org 
En

by Chen Yan, Jie Xiao, Yong-Hua Peng, Tao-Sheng Li

Obstructive uropathy is a common kidney disease caused by elevated hydrostatic pressure (HP), but relevant molecular and cellular mechanisms have not yet been well understood. In this study, we ex vivo investigated the effects of elevated HP on human renal epithelial cells (HREpCs). Primary HREpCs were subjected to 100 cmH2O HP for 8 or 48 h. Then, the cells were cultured without HP stimulation for another 24 h or 72 h. Cell morphology showed almost no change after 8h HP treatment... Читать дальше...

Equitable evaluation of supply-demand and layout optimization of urban park green space in high-density linear large city

Plos.org 
En

by Shibao Yu, Peng Zeng, Xiaoling Xie, Dandan Chen

Equitable and effective planning of urban park green spaces (UPGSs) is an important way to promote green and healthy urban development and improve citizens’ quality of life. However, under the background of rapid urbanization, linear large cities, with their unique spatial forms and high-density population agglomerations, have brought special challenges for the planning and management of urban public green spaces. This study takes Lanzhou... Читать дальше...

Paths of cognitive and social-emotional delays before age three in rural China: Predictive power on skills at preschool age

Plos.org 
En

by Lei Wang, Dingjing Jiang, Yifei Chen, Siqi Zhang, Scott Rozelle

Cognitive and social-emotional development in the first three years of life is associated with later skills. However, little is known about the paths of developmental delays in both cognitive and social-emotional skills before age 3 or to what extent these paths predict later developmental outcomes. The aim of this study is to examine the associations between the different paths of developmental delays in both cognitive and... Читать дальше...

The evolutionary and transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC

Plos.org 
En

by Xingguang Li, Nídia S. Trovão

HIV-1 CRF08_BC is a significant subtype in China, though its origin and spread remain incompletely understood. Previous studies using partial genomic data have provided insights but lack comprehensive analysis. Here, we investigate the early evolutionary and spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 CRF08_BC in China and Myanmar using near-complete genome sequences. We analyzed 28 near-complete HIV-1 CRF08_BC genomes from China and Myanmar (1997–2013). Phylogenetic... Читать дальше...

Efficient design and implementation of approximate FA, FS, and FA/S circuits for nanocomputing in QCA

Plos.org 
En

by Saeid Seyedi, Hatam Abdoli

Recently, there has been a lot of research in Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) technology because it promises low power consumption, low complexity, low latency, and compact space. Simultaneously, approximate arithmetic, a new paradigm in computing, streamlines the computational process and emerges as a low-power, high-performance design approach for arithmetic circuits. Furthermore, the XOR gate has been widely used in digital design and is a basic building block... Читать дальше...

The Inventory of Personality Organization-Reality Testing Subscale and Belief in Science Scale: Confirmatory factor and Rasch analysis of thinking style measures

Plos.org 
En

by Andrew Denovan, Neil Dagnall, Ken Drinkwater, Álex Escolà-Gascón

The Inventory of Personality Organization-Reality Testing Subscale (IPO-RT) and Belief in Science Scale (BIS) represent indirect, proxy measures of intuitive-experiential and analytical-rational thinking. However, a limited appraisal of factorial structure exists, and assessment of person-item functioning has not occurred. This study assessed the IPO-RT and BIS using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch analysis with a sample of 1030 participants (465 males... Читать дальше...

Development and application of an online tool to quantify nitrogen removal associated with harvest of cultivated eastern oysters

Plos.org 
En

by Julie M. Rose, Ryan Morse, Christopher Schillaci

Shellfish aquaculture can provide important ecosystem services to coastal communities, yet these benefits are not typically considered within the aquaculture permit review process. Resource managers have expressed interest in easy-to-use tools, based on robust science, that produce location and operation-appropriate values for beneficial services. These values need to be produced in a format that aligns with existing regulatory processes... Читать дальше...

Evaluation of bioavailable 137Cs transfer from forest litter to Scarabaeidae beetle (Protaetia orientalis) through a breeding experiment in Fukuhshima

Plos.org 
En

by Jaeick Jo, Yumiko Ishii, Rie Saito, Asuka Tanaka, Seiji Hayashi

Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in 2011, most of the released 137Cs remained in the litter and surface soil of the adjacent forest floor. However, 137Cs absorption by large soil invertebrates near this site has not been estimated. The aim of this study was to understand the role of soil macroinvertebrates in 137Cs uptake from forest litter into forest ecosystems. Breeding experiments were conducted... Читать дальше...

Research on feature selection for AC contactor vibration signals based on regularized random forest with recursive selection

Plos.org 
En

by Shuxin Liu, Xinzhi Qi, Chaojian Xing, Xin Ming, Xianfeng Lv

When conducting condition recognition research on AC contactor vibration signals through time-frequency analysis, the feature data exhibit a high degree of redundancy, which leads to repetitive information and hinders the accuracy of recognition. To address the redundancy issue in the features of AC contactor vibration signals, this study introduces a feature selection method based on Regularized Random Forest with Recursive Selection (RFRS). Читать дальше...

Visual analysis of geographical distribution of poets in Song China based on Complete Song Poetry

Plos.org 
En

by Enhai Lei, Xudong Hu

This article analyzes the geographical distribution of poets in Song China based on Complete Song Poetry (Quansongshi全宋詩), which includes poems from over 9000 poets, with 6056 of them having clear native place. Visualization strategy is used to present the geographical distribution of these 6056 poets, and its formation factors are also analyzed. The results reveal that majority of the poets come from Zhejiang, Henan and Sichuan provinces, with Guangdong province also... Читать дальше...