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Новости за 06.08.2024

Trial Outcomes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Jamanetwork.com 

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease that inevitably results in respiratory failure and death within 3 to 5 years of diagnosis. No effective treatment for IPF existed until the approval of 2 antifibrotic drugs (pirfenidone and nintedanib) more than 10 years ago. These drugs were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration based on demonstration of significant drug-associated differences in slowing the decline in lung function in 2 randomized clinical trials;... Читать дальше...

The Long Walk

Jamanetwork.com 

In this narrative medicine essay, a patient who has outlasted all the other patients with her diagnosis cannot explain why or how she has survived and decides to commemorate her good fortune with a long walk from her home to the hospital.

AHRQ Extension Service for State-Based Health Care Solutions

Jamanetwork.com 

This Viewpoint from AHRQ describes the plan to create a national health care extension service to disseminate actionable knowledge, with a goal to reduce the gap from evidence of clinical effectiveness to clinical practice.

Dapagliflozin in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Organ Dysfunction

Jamanetwork.com 

This randomized clinical trial assessed whether adding dapagliflozin to standard care for patients with acute organ dysfunction could reduce the composite outcome of hospital mortality, initiation of kidney replacement therapy, and length of stay compared with standard care alone.

SGL-2 Therapy for Acute Organ Dysfunction

Jamanetwork.com 

Multisystem organ dysfunction can follow several acute injury mechanisms, including trauma, sepsis, and shock and is the leading cause of death in critically ill patients. Even after the initial cause of organ injury has been addressed, many organs remote from the initial injury remain “on strike” for days or even weeks, often despite little evidence of direct injury. There are no specific treatments to prevent or reverse this organ dysfunction, so supportive care is the cornerstone of treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Perioperative Management of Antithrombotic Therapy

Jamanetwork.com 

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the American College of Chest Physicians’ 2022 guideline on perioperative management of patients taking oral anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy who are undergoing an elective surgery or procedure.

Cardiovascular Clinical Trials in the Asia-Pacific Region

Jamanetwork.com 

This Viewpoint discusses the potential challenges to the operational conduct of clinical trials in the Asia-Pacific region, where there is a high rate of cardiovascular disease, and provides possible solutions.

Video Laryngoscopy for Surgical Endotracheal Intubation

Jamanetwork.com 

To the Editor A recent trial concluded that hyperangulated video laryngoscopy might be a preferable method for single-lumen endotracheal intubation in surgical procedures, compared with direct laryngoscopy. Although this conclusion aligns with a recent study, we have several concerns about this trial.

Essential Tremor

Jamanetwork.com 

This JAMA Insights discusses the diagnostic evaluation and treatment, including pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and surgical options, of essential tremor.

Nonauthor Collaborator Name Shown Incorrectly

Jamanetwork.com 

In the Original Investigation titled “Red Blood Cell Transfusion in the Intensive Care Unit,” published in the November 21, 2023, issue of JAMA, a nonauthor collaborator’s name was listed incorrectly. In Supplement 3, the name should have appeared as Filippo Sanfilippo. This article was corrected online.

Rebuilding the RVU-Based Physician Payment System

Jamanetwork.com 

This Viewpoint explores the use of relative value units assigned by the Resource-Based Relative Value Scale in US physician payment systems and the need to rebuild this scale to reflect changes in modern clinical practice.

Mother, son

Jamanetwork.com 

You take the stairs now on all fours while step-by-slow-step I march behind your swollen legs and spider veins to guard against a fatal fall. Intact, we reach our painful routine: nightgown, pillbox, toothbrush, toilet; cat box, litter, bag of poop. Beguiling us to care for you, dementia’s filched the woman we knew. What can I do, flatfooted here between love and rage, but place, gently, the pathetic teddy, a kiss to your brow.

Bringing AI’s Strengths to the Clinic and the Operating Room

Jamanetwork.com 

In this Medical News interview, Sachin Kheterpal, the University of Michigan Medical School’s associate dean for research information technology, joins JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo to discuss AI’s number-crunching potential for improving patient care.

What Are Food Allergies?

Jamanetwork.com 

This JAMA Patient Page describes the causes, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of food allergies.

Vitamin Confusion

Jamanetwork.com 

Only a few years have elapsed since the existence of vitamins was first brought prominently to attention. The claims for the existence of such accessory food factors were received with skepticism for some time, for it seemed unlikely that substances playing a prominent part in nutrition could have escaped recognition so long. Most of the earlier observations and deductions have now been tested repeatedly and found to be correct. Within less than a decade after Funk coined the word vitamin, he felt... Читать дальше...

Metformin Use Among Parents Doesn’t Increase Birth Defect Risk

Jamanetwork.com 

There’s little evidence that taking metformin affects the risk of birth defects among children. Now, a pair of studies in Annals of Internal Medicine suggests that neither maternal nor paternal metformin use increases the risk of congenital malformations.

Few Medicare Beneficiaries Receive Needed Opioid Use Disorder Meds

Jamanetwork.com 

Receiving medications such as methadone and buprenorphine for opioid use disorder was linked with a lower risk of dying from a drug overdose among Medicare beneficiaries who experienced a nonfatal overdose during the prior year, a new cohort study involving more than 136 700 participants with an average age of 68 years found.