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Новости за 31.07.2024

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Environmental enrichment reduces restricted repetitive behavior by altering gray matter microstructure

Plos.org 
En

by Anna L. Farmer, Marcelo Febo, Bradley J. Wilkes, Mark H. Lewis

Restricted, repetitive behaviors are common symptoms in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder. Despite being associated with poor developmental outcomes, repetitive behaviors remain poorly understood and have limited treatment options. Environmental enrichment attenuates the development of repetitive behaviors, but the exact mechanisms remain obscure. Using the C58 mouse model of repetitive behavior... Читать дальше...

Evaluation of ChatGPT as a diagnostic tool for medical learners and clinicians

Plos.org 
En

by Ali Hadi, Edward Tran, Branavan Nagarajan, Amrit Kirpalani

Background

ChatGPT is a large language model (LLM) trained on over 400 billion words from books, articles, and websites. Its extensive training draws from a large database of information, making it valuable as a diagnostic aid. Moreover, its capacity to comprehend and generate human language allows medical trainees to interact with it, enhancing its appeal as an educational resource. This study aims to investigate ChatGPT’s diagnostic... Читать дальше...

“Trying to remain calm…but I do reach my limit sometimes”: An exploration of the meaning of gentle parenting

Plos.org 
En

by Anne E. Pezalla, Alice J. Davidson

Raising young children has always been hard, but evidence suggests that it may be getting harder. The isolation of the pandemic, the pressures to fulfill exacting parenting standards, and the explosion of “expert” parenting advice on social media have fueled the rise of “gentle parenting,” an approach that pivots away from older, discipline-heavy parenting typologies and which promises the development of happier, healthier children. Despite the popularity of gentle parenting... Читать дальше...

Waste management 2.0 leveraging internet of things for an efficient and eco-friendly smart city solution

Plos.org 
En

by Abdullah Addas, Muhammad Nasir Khan, Fawad Naseer

Waste management poses a major challenge for cities worldwide, with significant environmental, economic, and social impacts. This paper proposes a novel waste management system leveraging recent advances in the Internet of Things (IoT), algorithms, and cloud analytics to enable more efficient, sustainable, and eco-friendly waste collection and processing in smart cities. An ultrasonic sensor prototype is tailored for reliable fill-level monitoring. Читать дальше...

The effectiveness of group interpersonal synchrony in young autistic adults’ work environment: A mixed methods RCT study protocol

Plos.org 
En

by Tamar Dvir, Tal-Chen Rabinowitch, Cochavit Elefant

Introduction

Few autistic adults are able to integrate successfully into the world of work given their difficulties adapting to the social and stressful aspects of work environments. Interpersonal synchrony, when two or more individuals share body movements or sensations, is a powerful force that consolidates human groups while promoting the ability to self-regulate and cooperate with others. The abilities to self-regulate and cooperate... Читать дальше...

Flexibility of a large blindly synthetized avatar database for occupational research: Example from the CONSTANCES cohort for stroke and knee pain

Plos.org 
En

by Marc Fadel, Julien Petot, Pierre-Antoine Gourraud, Alexis Descatha

Objectives

Though the rise of big data in the field of occupational health offers new opportunities especially for cross-cutting research, they raise the issue of privacy and security of data, especially when linking sensitive data from the field of insurance, occupational health or compensation claims. We aimed to validate a large, blinded synthesized database developed from the CONSTANCES cohort by comparing associations... Читать дальше...

Key influences on dysglycemia across Fujian’s urban-rural divide

Plos.org 
En

by LiHan Lin, XiangJu Hu, XiaoYang Liu, GuoPeng Hu

Background

Screening and treatment of dysglycemia (prediabetes and diabetes) represent significant challenges in advancing the Healthy China initiative. Identifying the crucial factors contributing to dysglycemia in urban-rural areas is essential for the implementation of targeted, precise interventions.

Methods

Data for 26,157 adults in Fujian Province, China, were collected using the Social Factors Special Survey Form through a multi-stage random sampling method... Читать дальше...

Introducing the PLOS collection on rare cancer

Plos.org 
En

by Mitesh J. Borad

Rare cancers are defined by low incidence rates, and may lack evidence that supports uniform standards of care and relevant clinical guidelines. Rare cancers may represent up to 24% of all cancers, yet remain understudied and underappreciated in terms of their clinical and ultimately societal impact. The PLOS Rare Cancer Collection brings together a broad range of research endeavors that are being undertaken in rare cancers research ranging from basic biological evaluations to therapeutic drug development. Читать дальше...

Evaluation of the RISE II integrated social and behavior change approach in Niger: A contribution analysis

Plos.org 
En

by Leanne Dougherty, Chaibou Dadi, Martha Silva

Objective

Niger faces a myriad of health challenges and development efforts are complicated by persistent poverty, high population growth rates, and climate change. Integrated social and behavior change (SBC) addresses health outcomes through collective action and approaches at the limited points of entry individuals have with the health system.

Methods

We conducted a mixed-methods study to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated SBC program in the Maradi... Читать дальше...